Someday, many of us, going into our toilet or a bathroom, with a depressing look, will look at the plaque of lime and, accordingly, a strong rust on the sink, which is already unacceptable to wash, for the old leaky shower, which it is long time to change, and also faded tiles, which cracked in places, and also fell off. At these moments, we will also begin to think about buying a brand new sink, toilet, baths and, in addition, t.D. However, after the change of experienced plumbing, we therefore also think about changing the appearance of the room itself, and just about the complete replacement of ceramic tiles.
The cost of the latest qualified plumbing is very high, and there is often nothing to save on, since this can also lead to much more quite serious financial costs in the form of recreating flooded underlying apartments. That is why a significant savings without depressing consequences will be deleted from the list of work on the laying of strong tiles. Often, the prices for laying 1 kV.meters. smooth tiles can approach the price of a meter of square durable tile. Our Internet resource will consider how, possessing the lowest construction skills, it is quite good to put even tiles, so that, accordingly, our work looks good and, in addition, the cost is not frightening.
Preparation of the floor
Actually, everything is not so hard enough. First we get rid of the outdated professional plumbing, after that we pick up the chisel and a hammer and, in addition, begin to beat off the old tiles. Our online resource reminds us that it is necessary to observe precautions: put on the hands of gloves, so as not to cut off very sharp edges, and the glasses that will protect from dust, small flying pieces of durable tiles. After a strong tile is repulsed, you need to remove the remains of the old adhesive composition with that chisel.
Now you can also start the main process on your own. In principle, no, this is not at all laying the most smooth tile – this is the correct preparation of the surface. Here the main thing is to learn a fairly important rule: 80% of success is a rather flat surface. It is unlikely that it is unlikely that it is unlikely that it is possible to put.
First, we examine the high quality of the plaster. In the same case, if it is mainly composed of a mixture of pure sand, Portland cement (or ordinary cement), in some places it has already swollen and, in addition, is ready to collapse, in this case, you have to pick up the chisel and a hammer again, as well as clean surface to masonry made of brick.
If the surface is very strong, then, in this case, we proceed to measure its geometric essential parameters. To do this, we need a home -made plumb line. The accessory itself is quite simple and, in addition, is made up of a fairly heavy cargo attached to the cord. Through it, we will check the strict vertical of the partitions (walls). To do this, we unwind the lace to the height of the room, strengthen it under the ceiling of the room to the wall (partition) and, in addition, see how much our wall goes to the side. If it so happened that the deviations exceeds only a few millimeters, in this case, it is necessary to trim the wall (partition) by plaster. And, in addition, you should never expect that it will do so. Smooth tiles – this is not wallpaper, the littered angle will be unacceptable to pull in any direction. And, having paved a fairly even row of strong tiles to the ceiling of the room, we can receive a crevice in a corner in a few centimeters in a row, which we can’t close up with anything.
Now it is necessary to take the instrument-angle and, in addition, measure the mutual perpendicularity of the partitions (walls). The angle is not 90 degrees, this means hungry. There is a very reasonable explanation for why it should be fulfilled. And if it so happened that in this corner we put a good washing machine, then in such a case, apparently, nothing terrible will happen at all, moreover, that one side will fit into the wall (partition), and the other will stand on significant removal. But in the same case, if you put the bathroom in this corner, in this case, we get a gap, through which water will constantly seep.
After this, it is required to supervise the partitions for various bulges, concave. To do this, we need a water level. The main thing so that its length is not less than a meter. And if it happened that there are also insignificant deviations (only a few millimeters for one meter) – then it is much better to align them.
With a hollow the same. In general, no bumps. In exactly the same level, we will check its strict horizontal. In that case, in the same case, if it is littered in a certain side, in such a case, it turns out a considerable crevice between the wall and, accordingly, with sexual smooth tiles, which will look in principle, not aesthetically aesthetically aesthetically pleasing.
Alignment of the walls
And if the partitions were very uneven, then, in this case, we will begin to level them. For this we will need such tools:
Corresponding capacity, in which, in fact, the composition will be mixed. It can also be an ordinary plastic bucket;
Electric drill with a mixer, for mixing the composition;
Water level for work control;
In the case of the use of a mixture from mountain sand and, in addition, cement (Portland cement), we need a tool-swimmer, as well as a grater;
In the case of the use of specialized building mixtures, it is required to be stock up on a pair of ordinary spatulas. One considerable (in the region of 1 meters) actually for applying the composition to the partition, and another additional small, for the room of the composition on a considerable ordinary spatula. The whole length of 10-20 centimeter is enough. Repair of child.
In the process of using a mixture of pure sand and, accordingly, Portland cement (or ordinary cement), we throw with an instrument-master on a small part of the aligned surface such a prepared composition, as well as a grater with circular motions, rub it until a smooth surface is obtained. In that case of the operation of specialized mixtures, we will apply a distributed layer of material evenly along the entire length of a considerable construction spatula (for this, we are not helped by a very large ordinary spatula) and, accordingly, stretch the composition along the wall surface with small pressure. We continue until the smooth surface is obtained. We conduct work control using the water level.
Previous methods for applying plaster are more suitable for leaving local irregularities. But if you need to plaster the essential surfaces, then in this case, guides-beacons will come to the rescue. In profile, they resemble the letter “t”. These rails are vertically fixed to the wall (partition) and, in addition, typical levels are obtained, which can also be set the further thickness of the layer. In the same way, we need a rule. This good instrument resembles a school plastic line, only increased very many times. With its help, excess solution will be removed.
In fact, we proceed to the process of applying plaster using pendulum rails. At first we need to choose the same rails. The length of the vast majority is standardized and, in addition, equals 3 meters, but the profile height is different and, in addition, lies within an average of 5 to 10 millimeters. And if it so happened that the partition has minor changes, then in this case, it will be enough, as well as 5 millimeters of height. But if it happened that the bulges are unnecessary (at a distance of 1-1.5 meters, the size of the deviation is much more than 5 millimeters) then, in this case, you really need to look at an increased profile.
Now it is very necessary to install rails to the partition. To do this, cut a pair of profiles in height of the partition and, accordingly, strengthen them with a reliable base to the edges of the plastered partition. This is done using a solution applied to any profile in a number of places. Distance between points of application in the area of half a meter. The profile is pressed to the partition until the composition does not go through the side holes. But the composition has a considerable time of hardening, as well as the rake at this time can also fall off. Here our website is advised to use insignificant cunning. At a number of points, the bar is fixed to dry gypsum (alabaster), it is building gypsum. It is very easy to find in stores of building materials, the price for it is very democratic. Just do not need to immediately dilute the full bag with water. It is optimal to do this in small portions, because it hardens literally for a minute. The control of the strict vertical of the rail is measured using a level or plumb.
After that, in the way, right along any of the profiles that are installed in the corners, several such cloves at different heights, as well as we stretch the cords along the height of the protrusions of the pendulum rails. Subsequently, on the cords, we lay out all other profiles to the wall (partition), at a distance of 1-1.5 meters among themselves. When the mixture reins, it is necessary to remove cloves with cords and, in addition, you can also begin to apply plaster on your own. To do this, we throw the composition with small zones right along the guides, and after that excess we remove the rule of proper dimensions. We carry out work in the direction at the bottom. This method is good in the same thing that you should not have specialized skills. The main one is very smoothly installed beacons.
Setting the floor
After the walls (partitions), let’s proceed to leveling the floor. And if it so happened that the surface of the floor is cement-sand, then, in this case, it will require specialized building mixtures for the floor, or all that mixing of pure mountain sand, Portland cement (or ordinary cement). In that case, the use of the composition of cement (Portland cement), clean mountain sand, the process is nothing indistinguishable from applying partitions (walls).
But in the case of the release of the so -called bulk floors, using a specialized independent mixture, the technology has to be changed. All the proportions of the mixing, the maximum thickness, the time of complete drying can also be read in the manufacturer’s instructions. In the event that a microscopic crack is present on the flooring, it is advised to lay the floor with moisture insulation. In the same way, to increase adhesion of the leveling mixture with a reliable basis, they advise to process the base with a primer.
Further around the entire perimeter of the room, the level is drawn. To do this, we need a specialized water level consisting of a thin hose, fixed small flasks with cuttings for measurement. This accessory is filled with water and, in addition, will put an equal height around the perimeter of the room, applying the principle of communicating vessels. This work is much better to do together. One person inflicts risk on the wall (partition), brings a flask with water to it. The 2nd person goes to another wall (septum), by changing the height of the flask, it achieves the coincidence of the water level, proper scorks on both sausages. We will apply a few in a row on any partition (wall) in a similar way. Following this, we fasten all the risks using a ruler. According to the resulting lines, it is necessary to install pendulum rails on the floor. The installation process is the same as for partitions. Then we will flood the free space among the beacons of the properly prepared compositions. We align excess using the rule. To eliminate the bubbles arising on the surface, you can also use a needle painter roller. We carry out the work in the direction from the distant partition to the door.
But if it so happened that the floor turned out to be wooden, then, in this case, everything is not so very easy. The tree often has a small increased rigidity, as a result of which even tiles can also crack or peel off the surface under the weight of the objects standing on it. It is unacceptable to put strong tiles on obsolete, loose planks. Outdated planks will need to be torn, put new, with a thickness of at least 25 millimeters. After that, they need to be impregnated with paint or specialized composition, which protects against biological decomposition, fungi and mold. At the top on the planks we have moisture insulation. After that, at a height of half a centimeter from the surface (on carnations or pieces of brick blocks), a construction net is placed, after which it is filled with either a solution or specialized building mixtures. Now you need to wait exactly the same way in the area of the month, while the micro is without a trace. Architecture, structural part, household communications for houses in Odessa, all sections of the project, a large number of typical projects of houses, are adapted to the seismic region.
Buying materials
Following how the surface is already ready, you can also go to buy a flat tile. However, first of all, it is enough to measure the room and, in addition, find out the total area, which you need to lay out.
Then we go to the store, and also choose a flat tile attracted. And here it should be remembered that there are 2 types of flat tiles, for walls (partitions) and, accordingly, for floors. The difference in them is that the sexual strong tiles are significantly stronger and, in addition, has a much more rough surface in order not to slip on it. It is also optimal to purchase smooth tiles of 1 variety, since in the case of purchase of smooth tiles of 2 or 3 varieties in it, apparently, there will be differences in color, as well as dimensions.
In each case, it is much better to purchase even tiles with a small margin, namely, in case of its breakdown during cutting. This is fraught with the same that in a week this strong tile can also either disappear from the shelves, or there will be a much shorter variety on sale. Even if none of this happens at all, as well as that smooth tile will be in the presence of then, in this case, it may also be from a different batch, maybe it will be slightly differentiated by color from the originally acquired. We propose to learn about these subtleties from the previously properly prepared material for our Internet resource “What kind of ceramic tiles”.
In addition to smooth tiles, you immediately need to purchase all the required borders that decorate smooth tiles with ornaments, t.D.
As an adhesive composition, it is much better to take construction dry mixtures, which were intentionally made to lay durable tiles. They can easily be identified in each construction market of products or in the store. Moreover, it is very necessary to take into account that the glue composition for raw rooms is selected for the bath, and for laying on the street it is necessary to purchase an adhesive composition for external work. It is also worth paying attention to the maximum thickness of the plaster layer, which should certainly be indicated on the package.
And if it so happened that the funds will not allow, then you can also use the old option for applying plaster using pure mountain sand and, accordingly, Portland cement (or ordinary cement).
Laying tiles
After delivery of all this home, you can also start in fact to lay a strong tile. At the very beginning, you need to cook glue. We will do it further method. Pour the micacture into the water in small portions, stir with a mixer fixed to the electric drill. Our Web-site recommends not to pour a significant amount of the mixture directly, because in the case of the operation of a small power electric drill, it will not be easy to stir the composition. In total, we should receive a mixture, which should not be too liquid, because this will lead to its lean from the partitions (walls); And at the same time, the mixing should not be too thick enough, since it will not be easy to stretch through the partition. After the composition is already ready, we will begin to lay down.
Let’s start by laying a flat tile on a partition (wall). We carry out the work in the direction at the bottom up, t.e. First, we set the very first row above the surface of the floor, subsequently further and. For any partition. So that we get very strictly smooth rows, a rail is laid on the floor, it is aligned in level. The very first row of flat tiles is placed on the same rail. So that the further rows were lined horizontally, vertical rails are driven in the corners of the partition, moving along the usual plumb. After at the level of the 2nd and, accordingly, further rows of smooth tiles into the corner rails are clogged along the cloves, a nylon thread is pulled between them – along it, we make sure that the row is quite strictly horizontal.
In the process of laying on the wall (partition), we put the adhesive composition on the lower surface of the smooth tile and, accordingly, attach it to the basis. Having slightly crushed a flat tile to the partition (wall), it is necessary to trace in order to ensure that the glue is distributed over its entire surface. We also repeat, with adjacent flat tiles, then now we will insert crosses between them. Recommended joint thickness 2-4 millimeters. Crevice is by no means decorating a reason. In the event that it does not leave it, in this case, with thermal expansion, even tile can also crack or peel off the surface. High quality laying of any separate strong tile horizontally and verticals is invariably controlled by the level.
If it so happened that a whole number of strong tiles will not fit, then, in this case, the excess in the corners is cut off with a tile cutter. Here you need to take into account only one thing: without considerable experience, it is extremely difficult to chop off part of the smooth tiles with a width much less than a series of centimeters. In the same case, if you still need to do it, then it is much better to use or corner grinding machine. If there is no corner grinder, then, in such a case, after applying the cut with a tile, to thoroughly break off the useless edge of ordinary pliers. Cutted smooth tiles optimally spread in the corners, which can further become closed by various cabinets, showers, t.D.
After that, according to a similar principle, we have even tiles on the floor. Direction of work – sequential layout of the rows from distant angle to the door. For the convenience of laying, the thread is also pulled so that the ranks come out parallel to each other, there is no displacement. For a neatly check of the laid out of a flat tile for accurate horizontal, use the level. If the room is considerable, the rule is applied to the flooring, and the level is already set at it at the top.
The glue is applied to the full surface of a durable tile, a wooden hammer or a handle with a tool-master launches until it becomes at the level of a stretched cord. If it so happened that the strong tiles drop lower, in this case, you need to tear it off, add more solution under it.
After laying durable tiles, as well as drying the glue, it is necessary to clean the strong tile from the adhesive composition that has fallen on it and, in addition, fill the joints with a fugue of the selected color using a rubber construction spatula. The remnants of the fugues need to be wiped with a wet rag. In the process of choosing a fugue, it is strongly recommended to purchase the most inexpensive copies and not use unknown manufacturers, because the joints can subsequently crack.
On this full amount of work on laying flat tiles can also be considered complete. In the same case, if you want to bring everything to the ideal, you can also process even tiles with specialized compounds, which, in addition to protective properties, will give a coating that is made of ceramics auxiliary glossy.