Expanded clay concrete is one of the varieties of concrete, which is based on expanded clay. Keramzit is a natural material that, when connecting with concrete, gives a strong, frost -resistant building material, which is environmentally friendly. In terms of strength and frost resistance, expanded clay concrete is superior to slag concrete.
The process of production of expanded clay concrete is based on the process of vibration pressing, as a result of which light and strong building material with many cavities and voids is obtained. This makes it possible to get a porous air duct with unique properties. In industrial production, various brands of cement, as well as gypsum and lime are used as binding additives.
Explosion concrete can be of two types – large -porous and heavy. Due to the low density and increased strength, it can be used for the production of air supporting structures, since more than other brands of concrete are suitable for these purposes. High thermal insulation characteristics allow the use of expanded clay concrete blocks to build walls and insulation of partitions, as well as in other types of supporting structures.
The technology of production of expanded clay concrete is quite simple, does not require expensive equipment and materials and, thanks to this, the cost of expanded clay concrete is not high. Many experts in the field of construction emphasize the high economic feasibility of the use of expanded clay concrete in construction.
What is important, the cement necessary for laying expanded clay concrete blocks is consumed very economically compared to brickwork, which allows you to obtain significant savings in the construction of any object. The use of expanded clay concrete blocks, due to their frost resistance and moisture resistance, is possible in conditions with any climate, and in their characteristics such blocks are close to ceramic brick, while they have greater strength.
For the preparation of 1 meter of cubic expanded clay concrete, the following components are necessary: 415 kg of Portland cement of the brand 500, 575 kg of quartz sand, 570 kg of expanded clay gravel 0-15 mm. The resulting expanded clay mixture is thoroughly mixed for 5 minutes in a free fall concrete mixer, the capacity of which is 1.2 m3. The mobility of the resulting mixture should be from 1 to 3 cm according to the standard cone.
The finished product is formed on the vibration platform using vibro -launched forms. In the process of production of the product, a porous filler is a suction of water, due to which structural strength increases, and also the opportunity to immediately produce the decay of products. Then the products undergo heat -watering processing in the ravine chambers.
For the production of stems from expanded clay concrete, aggregate-flow technology is used. At the same time, 5-35 mm expanded clay gravels are used, which is added with voluminous bulk weight at the rate of 450-500 kgm3. Gravel, as a rule, is produced at the same factory. Quartz sand is used as a small aggregate.
A mixture of expanded clay concrete is prepared on a semi -automated concrete aggregate, which can produce up to 40 thousand m2 per year. First of all, a expanded concrete solution of a brand 200 with a specific weight of 1680-1700 kgm3 is laid in a form. At the same time, concrete is supplied from a hopper with a small hole that transports a 5-ton goat crane. At the same time, concrete consumption per plate is about 0.18 m3.
After the concrete was laid in the ribs, with the help of a self-propelled concrete layer, expanded clay concrete of the 35-50 brand and a specific weight of 850-900 kgm3, with the help of which a regiment is formed with a thickness of 140-60 mm. Next is the process of sealing expanded clay concrete on vibration grounds. The wire reinforcement is pulled by the electrothermal method, and the vacation is made by an electric -armed with a harsh, or by kerosinoresis, after striking, when concrete strength is at least 70% of the design. For steaming, use pit chambers with a temperature of 80-90 ° C.
Storing finished products is carried out using wooden gaskets with a cross section of 200 × 60 mm, which are located at a distance of 15-20 cm from the edge of the plate, which avoids cracking the stove or its bending.