Particular attention should be paid to cracks on the ceiling. Before using finishing materials for the ceiling, cracks must be close. In order for the solution to close the crack on the ceiling tightly, the crack must first be “cut” to a depth of at least 5 mm.
For sealing a crack on the ceiling, a gypsum solution is used. Gypsum solution is a specially prepared paste made of chalk and gypsum. Also, special synthetic lubricants are used to seal cracks. The difference between synthetic lubricants and the gypsum mixture is that they retain their elasticity and provide much more moisture protection. Gypsum mixture or lubrication must only fall asleep and dry cracks.
If you need to align the seam, crack or deepening on the ceiling made of concrete, then instead of lubricant you can use a moisture -resistant putty. But it can only be used for internal work in a room with a small moisture indicator. For the sealing of small cracks and recesses, a fine -grained moisture -resistant rapidly -drying putty is ideal. Such a putty can be purchased in a ready -made form. For applying a putty, a spatula with a hard blade is usually used. The layer should be applied with a thickness of about 4 centimeters.
Putty can only be applied to clean (without dust and whitewashing) ceiling surface. In the event that you have to close deep cracks, you need to remember what to do this in one entry. A deep crack will have to be sealed in stages in layers of about 5 mm. After each layer, the putty should dry completely. To avoid the appearance of cracks on the ceiling on a dried putty, it will glue a gauze grid or a wide sickle. They play the role of reinforcing material and are heated with the help of PVA glue.
The above methods are applicable only if there are not large cracks on the ceiling. Sometimes we can talk about a crack between the ceiling slabs and in this case you need to use other methods for embarrassing. A metal mesh is applied to such cracks on top, and already on top of its plaster.
After all cracks and seams are shut up, you need to wait for the plaster drying out. Next, having a ceiling without cracks, we can proceed to applying the main leveling layer of putty or dry leveling mixture (the mixture is selected depending on the scope of use). After the putty layer dries it with a special abrasive tool or sandpaper.
In some “particularly difficult cases” for example, if we are talking about the seam between the ceiling and the wall, the standard way to fill the seam will not be possible. In such cases, construction foam is used. The use of construction foam is especially necessary if your neighbors are often drowned on top. In the case of frequent leaks on top of construction foam, it is recommended to apply waterproof synthetic sealant. Sealants perfectly protect the ceiling from moisture and do not crack when displacing plates. Such a sealant will last you for decades. Unlike mounting foam, the sealant after application retains the initial volume. Experts recommend that the sealants are entirely cracking in the whole. But it will cost you much more than the option with construction foam.
There are many types of sealants. Basically, they are divided into a chemical basis: acrylic, silicone, bitumen, thiocol. The composition of the mixtures includes antifungal compositions, which is very important for wet rooms. Sealants are intended for external or internal work.
Acrylic sealants are created for indoor work. They can be waterproof or non -resistant on acrylic. Non -resistant acrylic sealants based on water are used to seal cracks or seams in dry rooms. This type of sealant cannot be used in the bathroom or in the kitchen. In contrast to them, there are acrylic moisture -resistant sealants. They are able to endure temperature extremes and high humidity.
Silicone sealants have their advantages. The most significant, probably, can be considered their durability (can last 15-20 years). They are not afraid of water, but at the same time they cannot be painted. Silicone sealants, as well as acrylics, are divided into several types. On sale there are neutral heat -resistant, simply neutral and acidic silicone sealants. Acid (acetate, vinegar) silicone sealants are suitable for sealing joints with tiles or plastic. They have a very strong unpleasant odor (it is recommended to use a respirator). Neutral sealants are used for wet rooms, for example, kitchen or bathroom. You can also purchase sanitary silicone sealants. They are used for decoration in rooms in which low temperatures and high humidity are preserved.
Among other things, sealants are used to fill holes for connecting electrical equipment or chandeliers. To align the surface of the ceiling after sealing seams, you just need to cut the sealant with a knife.
The ceiling can be considered continuous and ready for decoration, if the plates are even and the difference between them does not exceed one centimeter. If the differences between the plates on your ceiling are significant, then during the finishing work you need to save the ruble (small ditches between the plates). Rust visually breaks the entire area of the ceiling into several parts and the difference between the plates will be less striking. Of course, the groove between the plates should be even and have the same diameter throughout the entire ceiling length. It often happens that a crack appears along the old ores (due to vibration of plates). In this case, you need to knock out the entire putty from them and close them again, using a cement mortar with the addition of PVA glue.
If you want to make your ceiling continuous, then you need to close all the seams between the plates. Use a sickle for this. Sickle the suture with a sickle. There should be no voids under the sickle. Therefore, first fill the entire seam with putty or sealants, after drying, apply a sickle, then another layer of putty. On a fortified surface, you can apply plaster, whitewashing, paint, etc.D.
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